{"id":5265,"date":"2014-06-02T00:09:35","date_gmt":"2014-06-01T22:09:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.padjournal.net\/?p=5265"},"modified":"2022-04-13T17:35:23","modified_gmt":"2022-04-13T15:35:23","slug":"product-service-design-immigrants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.padjournal.net\/new\/product-service-design-immigrants\/","title":{"rendered":"Product-Service Design for Immigrants"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abstract<\/strong>
\nThe paper analyzes the social landscapes that arise from the spontaneous configuration of groups that mingle with each other following the instinct of survival and a state of emergency, which configure no longer linear country borders but fluid ones.
\nIn this context a form of widend multicultural social typology emerges, where the human dignity is founded on acts of solidarity that lead to radical changes.
\nThe paper presents Product-Service Design for Immigrants case a product-services for immigrant populations that ensure the efficiency and widespread access to the healthcare system.
\nThrough innovative strategies that have been able to peruse a new welfare concept based on the user\u2019s active role in order to develop an integrated assistance in which the immigrant citizen becomes part of a healthcare course.
\nThe project, for its development, requires the support of a new generation of services, products and communicative artifacts that play an important role in the Health Care System: prevention, monitoring, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation.
\nIn the healthcare field the use of ICT can be a useful tool to improve accessibility, to share data and information, for the implementation of health services already existing online, and to upgrade the performance of the whole system hence obtaining better results with less resources.
\nThe project has set up a civic space like a platform to enable a dialogue between migrants and local health facilities establishing a digital context to receive, analyze and offer alternative models for assistance.
\n1. Multicultural breach<\/strong>
\nNew social landscapes arise by spontaneous configuration of groups that mingle in areas easily accessible and affordable, functional nodes on the routes of illegal migration.
\nThese \u201cfall back lands\u201d used to shelter and to organize their lives for emergency purposes, regulated by international agreements, lack in basilar human necessities. The social landscapes that emerge are the mirror of contemporary life: environmental disasters, poverty and war are the leading causes, from which a new way of life is developed, therefore a new social organization.
\nThe \u201cinvisible multitudes\u201d recover waste from western society, they draw from it resources to face issues, mitigate the disadvantages and adapt to change.
\nThe new geography comes up with a new Europe seen as a continent with undefined borders, a single, huge city that embraces all the differences, allocated in mingled area.
\nThe geographical mingled space of \u201cEurope City\u201d works today as a device that filters and organizes the movement and passages of migrant populations. This image of the continent that expands embracing new directions leads us to a mediterranized Europe; according to the idea of multicultural landscape as a mind place, by the plural character, such as the descriptions of Fernand Braudel (1998) of the Mediterranean.
\nIn fact, the space of the \u201cEurope Mediterranean City\u201d is willing to embrace human landscapes and traditions, shaped by its various protagonists. The enlargement of the space spreads in peripheral and marginal zones, far and disconnected, revealing the ability to self-organization by spontaneous social groups. It concerns relational rules re-created and re-adapted by people within cultural social differences.
\nA new business model is outlined, based on the development of human skills, overcoming the capitalist model based on the values of each individual.
\nAccording to Andr\u00e9 Gorz (2004) society must focuses on the individual development, \u201cone of the priorities will be to identify people and groups conveyed values and knowledge necessary for companies and institutions transformation\u201d (p. 21).
\nThe comparison is made between knowledge, value and capital, elements that guide us to understand the huge development of the knowledge economy along time; \u201cknowledge is a practical skill, a know-how that does not necessarily involves delineate knowledge […], nor even the practical knowledge isn\u2019t easily codified and cannot be learnt if not by practice and apprenticeship\u201d (p. 22). This process involves the emancipation of human capital by the capital, according to A. Gorz (2004), an example is represented by the \u201ccraftsmen of free software and networks\u201d(p. 22), that as holders of knowledge of high-level technical support, in opposition to the privatization of the access tools to a shared knowledge.
\nThese tools are essential for the individual development in the human evolution from the \u201cworkforce\u201d in \u201cindependent force\u201d (p. 22): the software allows to generate contents accessible to all that have in usage unique value, bypassing the exchange value.
\n2. Sharing in emergency case<\/strong>
\nThe United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) observed that in 2013 there was the most massive migrants movement across the Mediterranean: thirty-two thousand people landed in Italy, coming from Syria and North Africa require better migration managing through the prevention, protection and solidarity coordinated actions.
\nIn this social context design strategies can realize integration between sustainable practices and innovative technologies and methods.
\nThe strategic and services design are the disciplinary traces through which develop collaborative systems and experiment cooperative models, envisioning the managing social innovation demand (Cipolla, 2009).
\nThanks new community forms, the individuals involved in process became actors. They identify flexible solutions, personalized and appropriate to their capabilities, testing the results and developing a new form of welfare (Cipolla & Manzini, 2009).
\nThe promotion of a welcoming society, characterized by intercultural dialogue, social mediation and by the right to health, is the precondition of the research project Product-Service Design for Immigrants (PSDFI).
\nThe design approach proposes to experiment new creative processes able to highlight the social issues, identifying opportunities and formulating possible solutions.
\nThe development of solidarity and participation forms is a necessary condition to implement the design thinking methodological approach in new models (Brown, 2009).
\nAccording to recommendations of European legislation, in particular, the principles of the European Handbook on Integration (Niessen & Schibel, 2007), PSDFI intends to promote an easy access to welfare facilities for migrant communities and minorities thanks to a product-service system.
\nThe PSDFI project aims to provide health care for immigrants with the creation of a services system that managed, in a platform, the information on the health condition, monitoring assistance forms and remote healthcare.
\nThe main action is to create a multitasking network that is enable to capture and process data, to examine medical records pursuing a connection between public health operators, local actors, NGOs and immigrant populations.
\nIn 2009, the project Mighealtnet, information network on good practice in health care for migrants and minorities in Europe<\/em>, spread in 16 countries, has pursued a similar goal: to provide a services system for health care of the multicultural European population. Another project about the theme is: Healthy and Wealthy Together<\/em>, promote by Municipality of Milano, that establish a thematic exchange network of public and private local actors working with or for migrants on the health and poverty issues.
\nThe PSDFI project provides an intangible service for healthcare, associated to a wearable product, organizing the individual\u2019s health information with the managing of clinical data; using RFID it is able to send data directly to the database. The wearable product is connected to the service platform, will be distribute to local reception centers for immigrants.
\nThe site, that offers healthcare expertise, is a place to share and receive the requests and experiences spreading in user\u2019s forum. The medical staff can access clinical data and update them as well as patients can check their portfolio and interact with an online expert 24 h\/day.
\nThe project promotes and facilitates the encounter between immigrant populations and families residing in the countries of origin through the online service (an interactive web site) that will provide information on health condition, and will allow to better understand which are the available organizations and resources. Information accessibility is guaranteed by actions of communication and awareness rising, provided in different languages (the partner countries and the countries from where migration to Italy originates).
\nThe challenge is to demonstrate that using product-service design it is possible to ensure the efficiency of the Health System, a more widespread access to it, and to minimize public health costs.
\nThe paper was written by the authors on the basis of mutual agreement and extensive discussions. Are related to the two authors jointly sections:
\n1. Multicultural breach<\/i>, this paragraph was written by Maria Antonietta Sbordone.
\n2. Sharing in emergency case<\/i>, this paragraph was written by Rosanna Veneziano.
\nReferences<\/strong>
\nBraudel, F. (1998). Les m\u00e9moires de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. Paris: Editions de Fallois.
\nBrown, T. (2009). Change by Design: How Design Thinking Transforms Organizations and Inspires Innovation. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
\nCipolla, C., & Manzini E. (2009). Relational services. Knowledge. Technology & Policy. (pp. 22, 45-50).
\nCipolla, C. (2009). Relational services: service design fostering sustainability and new welfare models. In Silva, J., Moura, M., & dos Santos A. (orgs.) Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Sustainable Design (II ISSD) Brazil Network on Sustainable Design \u2013 RBDS, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. Disponibile presso http:\/\/portal.anhembi.br\/sbds\/anais\/ISSD2009-015.pdf<\/a>
\nGorz, A. (2004). M\u00e9tamorphoses du travail. Critique de la raison \u00e9conomique. Paris: Editions de Fallois.
\nNiessen, J., & Schibel, Y. (2007). Manuale sull\u2019integrazione per i responsabili delle politiche di integrazione e gli operatori del settore, Commissione europea (direzione generale della Giustizia, della libert\u00e0 e della sicurezza). Pubblications Europa. Disponibile presso http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/justice_home\/<\/a>Abstract<\/strong>
\nIl paper analizza i paesaggi sociali che nascono dalla configurazione spontanea di gruppi che si coagulano seguendo l\u2019istinto di sopravvivenza e lo stato di emergenza e configurano frontiere degli stati-nazione non pi\u00f9 lineari ma fluide.
\nIn questo contesto emerge una forma di socialit\u00e0 allargata, multiculturale dove la garanzia della dignit\u00e0 umana si fonda su atti di rinnovata solidariet\u00e0 e che induce a cambiamenti radicali.
\nIl paper riporta il progetto Healthcare Design for Immigrants<\/em>, un sistema di servizi destinati alle popolazioni immigrate che garantisce l\u2019efficienza e l\u2019accesso diffuso al sistema sanitario.
\nAttraverso strategie innovative in grado di attivare una nuova idea di welfare basato su un ruolo attivo dell\u2019utente si sviluppa un\u2019assistenza integrata in cui il cittadino immigrato \u00e8 parte collaborativa nel percorso sanitario.
\nIl progetto per la sua attuazione necessita del supporto di una nuova generazione di servizi, prodotti e artefatti comunicativi che entrano in gioco in tutte le fasi del percorso sanitario: prevenzione, monitoring, diagnosi, cura e riabilitazione.
\nNel campo sanitario l\u2019utilizzo delle ICT offre un contributo determinante, per l\u2019accesso facilitato ai dati e alle informazioni specifiche, per l\u2019implementazione dei servizi sanitari gi\u00e0 disponibili on-line e per una pi\u00f9 efficace gestione delle risorse.
\nIl sistema configura una piattaforma come spazio civico di dialogo tra i migranti e le strutture sanitarie locali e predispone un ambiente immateriale per accogliere, analizzare e offrire modelli alternativi di assistenza.
\n1. Multicultura interstiziale<\/strong>
\nNuovi paesaggi sociali nascono dalla configurazione spontanea di gruppi che si coagulano in zone facilmente raggiungibili e accessibili, nodi funzionali nelle rotte delle migrazioni clandestine.
\nZone dove rifugiarsi e riorganizzare la propria vita che sfruttano lo stato di emergenza, regolato da accordi internazionali e che adottano misure per l\u2019accoglienza insufficienti e discutibili. I paesaggi sociali che emergono sono la rappresentazione dell\u2019attualit\u00e0: le catastrofi ambientali, la povert\u00e0 e la guerra sono le cause maggiori, da cui si sviluppano nuovi sistemi di vita, nuove organizzazioni sociali.
\nLe \u201cinvisibili moltitudini\u201d recuperano gli scarti della societ\u00e0 occidentale e ne traggono le risorse per affrontare le difficolt\u00e0, mitigare il disagio e adattarsi al cambiamento.
\nLa nuova geografia che si delinea, vede l\u2019Europa come un continente dai confini indefiniti, un\u2019unica immensa citt\u00e0 che accoglie le differenze pi\u00f9 estreme che si collocano, occupando le zone interstiziali delle citt\u00e0.
\nLo spazio geografico interstiziale della \u201cCitt\u00e0 Europa\u201d funziona oggi come un dispositivo che filtra e organizza il movimento e i passaggi delle popolazioni migranti. Quest\u2019immagine del continente che si dilata abbracciando nuove direzioni ci fa pensare a un\u2019Europa mediterraneizzata, secondo l\u2019idea del paesaggio multiculturale come luogo della mente, dalla natura plurale, come dalle descrizioni di Fernand Braudel (1998) del Mediterraneo.
\nLo spazio della \u201cCitt\u00e0 Europa mediterranea\u201d \u00e8, infatti, uno spazio propenso a inglobare paesaggi umani e tradizioni diverse, plasmato da un\u2019incessante negoziazione tra i suoi molteplici protagonisti. La dilatazione dello spazio si propaga nelle zone periferiche e marginali, distanti e disconnesse, rivelando l\u2019attitudine all\u2019auto-organizzazione, specifica delle formazioni sociali spontanee. Si tratta di regole relazionali ri-create e ri-adattate dalle popolazioni nell\u2019incontro con realt\u00e0 culturali e sociali molto diverse dalle loro.
\nUn nuovo modello economico si fa strada e, basandosi sullo sviluppo delle capacit\u00e0 umane, corrisponde al superamento del modello capitalistico in quanto si fonda sulla valorizzazione della singolarit\u00e0 di ciascuno e sulle capacit\u00e0 umane.
\nSecondo Andr\u00e9 Gorz (2004) la societ\u00e0 deve puntare sullo sviluppo del singolo: \u201claddove una delle priorit\u00e0 sar\u00e0 quella di individuare le persone e i gruppi portatori di valori e di saperi che guideranno questa transizione in seno alle imprese e alle istituzioni\u201d (p. 21).
\nIl raffronto che ne deriva, \u00e8 tra sapere, valore e capitale, elementi che ci guidano nella comprensione dell\u2019enorme sviluppo che ha assunto nel tempo l\u2019economia della conoscenza: \u201cil sapere \u00e8 una capacit\u00e0 pratica, un saper fare che non implica necessariamente conoscenze formalizzabili [\u2026], n\u00e9 tantomeno i saperi sensibili del corpo sono facilmente codificabili e non si possono apprendere se non con la pratica e l\u2019apprendistato\u201d (p. 22). Questo processo prevede l\u2019emancipazione del capitale umano dal capitale; secondo A. Gorz (2004), un esempio \u00e8 rappresentato dagli \u201cartigiani del software e delle reti libere\u201d (p. 22) che, essendo detentori di un sapere di alto livello tecnico, si oppongono alla privatizzazione dei mezzi di accesso a un sapere condiviso, bene comune dell\u2019umanit\u00e0.
\nQuesti strumenti sono essenziali per lo sviluppo del s\u00e9 nella trasformazione dell\u2019umanit\u00e0 da strumentale \u201cforza lavoro\u201d in \u201cforza indipendente\u201d (p. 22): il software consente di produrre contenuti accessibili a tutti, che hanno come unico valore l\u2019uso, scavalcando quello dello scambio.
\n2. Condivisioni nell\u2019emergenza<\/strong>
\nL\u2019Alto Commissariato delle Nazioni Unite (Unhcr) ha rilevato che nel 2013 vi \u00e8 stato il pi\u00f9 imponente movimento di migranti attraverso il Mediterraneo: 32 mila persone approdate in Italia, provenienti principalmente dalla Siria e dal nord Africa richiedono una migliore gestione del fenomeno migratorio attraverso azioni di prevenzione, protezione e solidariet\u00e0 coordinate.
\n\u00c8 proprio in questo contesto sociale che il design pu\u00f2 predisporre strategie progettuali che integrino pratiche sostenibili con tecnologie e metodi innovativi.
\nIl design strategico e il design dei servizi sono gli ambiti disciplinari attraverso cui sviluppare sistemi collaborativi e sperimentare modelli di partecipazione per la gestione delle domande di innovazione sociale (Cipolla, 2009).
\nGrazie alla sperimentazione di nuove forme di collettivit\u00e0 gli individui diventano attori di un processo: individuano soluzioni flessibili, personalizzate e aderenti alle proprie capacit\u00e0 di interazione e verificano i risultati, sviluppando una nuova forma di welfare (Cipolla & Manzini, 2009).
\nLa diffusione di una societ\u00e0 dell\u2019accoglienza, caratterizzata dal dialogo interculturale, dalla mediazione sociale e dall\u2019affermazione del diritto alla salute, \u00e8 la premessa su cui muove il progetto di ricerca Product-Service Design for Immigrants<\/em> (PSDFI).
\nL\u2019approccio progettuale si propone di sperimentare nuovi processi creativi in grado di fare emergere le problematiche sociali, individuare le aree di opportunit\u00e0 della disciplina del design e formulare le possibili soluzioni.
\nLa tendenza ad attivare forme di solidariet\u00e0 e partecipazione \u00e8 la condizione necessaria per l\u2019applicazione di modelli che seguono un approccio metodologico design thinking (Brown, 2009).
\nIn accordo con le raccomandazioni degli strumenti legislativi comunitari, in particolare, con i principi del Manuale europeo sull\u2019Integrazione (Niessen & Schibel, 2007), PSDFI intende promuovere un accesso facilitato alla sanit\u00e0 pubblica per le popolazioni immigrate costituendo un sistema di prodotto-servizio.
\nIl progetto PSDFI si propone di fornire assistenza sanitaria agli immigrati grazie alla realizzazione di un sistema di servizi che gestisce, in una piattaforma, i flussi di informazioni sullo stato di salute delle popolazioni immigrate, monitora le forme di assistenza a distanza.
\nL\u2019azione principale \u00e8 quella di costituire un network con varie funzioni tra cui l\u2019acquisizione e l\u2019elaborazione dei dati, la consultazione e l\u2019archiviazione delle cartelle sanitarie dei singoli utenti con l\u2019obiettivo di realizzare una connessione diretta tra operatori del servizio pubblico sanitario, gli attori locali, le Ong e le popolazioni di immigrati.
\nNel 2009 il progetto Mighealtnet, information network on good practice in health care for migrants and minorities in Europe<\/em>, diffuso in sedici paesi, ha perseguito un simile obiettivo: fornire un sistema di servizi per rispondere alle esigenze generate dell\u2019incremento della diversit\u00e0 della popolazione europea.
\nUn altro progetto in corso sul tema \u00e8 Healthy and Wealthy Together<\/em>, promosso dal comune di Milano, che crea un network tra attori pubblici e privati che lavorano con e per le popolazioni immigrate sui problemi relativi alla salute e alla povert\u00e0.
\nIl progetto PSDFI \u00e8 composto da un servizio immateriale per l\u2019assistenza sanitaria degli immigrati associato ad un prodotto indossabile, distribuito ai pazienti, che accoglie le informazioni sanitarie dell\u2019individuo ed aiuta nella gestione e nell\u2019implementazione dei dati clinici. Il prodotto, distribuito dalle strutture territoriali e ai centri di prima accoglienza, \u00e8 in grado di inviare direttamente i dati ad un database utilizzando un sistema RFID ed \u00e8 connesso alla piattaforma di servizi.
\nIl portale, che offre un\u2019assistenza on-line, \u00e8 un luogo di confronto che accoglie le richieste degli utenti attraverso un forum. In un\u2019area riservata lo staff medico pu\u00f2 accedere e implementare i dati cos\u00ec come offrire un servizio di assistenza on-line 24 h\/day.
\nInoltre la piattaforma facilita l\u2019incontro tra le popolazioni immigrate e i familiari residenti nei paesi di origine grazie al servizio on-line (an interactive web site<\/em>) che fornisce informazioni sullo stato di salute, sulle organizzazioni e sulle facilitazioni per l\u2019integrazione. L\u2019accessibilit\u00e0 alle informazioni \u00e8 garantita dalle azioni di comunicazione e sensibilizzazione previste nelle lingue dei paesi partner e dei principali paesi di provenienza dei flussi migratori.
\nCon il supporto di una nuova generazione di servizi e artefatti comunicativi che entrano in gioco in tutte le fasi del percorso sanitario \u00e8 possibile sperimentare soluzioni che garantiscano l\u2019efficienza del sistema e l\u2019accesso diffuso, ottimizzandone la spesa.
\nThe paper was written by the authors on the basis of mutual agreement and extensive discussions. Are related to the two authors jointly sections:
\n1. Multicultura interstiziale<\/i>, this paragraph was written by Maria Antonietta Sbordone.
\n2. Condivisioni nell\u2019emergenza<\/i>, this paragraph was written by Rosanna Veneziano.
\nReferences<\/strong>
\nBraudel, F. (1998). Les m\u00e9moires de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e. Paris: Editions de Fallois.
\nBrown, T. (2009). Change by Design: How Design Thinking Transforms Organizations and Inspires Innovation. New York: Harper Collins Publishers.
\nCipolla, C., & Manzini E. (2009). Relational services. Knowledge. Technology & Policy. (pp. 22, 45-50).
\nCipolla, C. (2009). Relational services: service design fostering sustainability and new welfare models. In Silva, J., Moura, M., & dos Santos A. (orgs.) Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Sustainable Design (II ISSD) Brazil Network on Sustainable Design \u2013 RBDS, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. Disponibile presso http:\/\/portal.anhembi.br\/sbds\/anais\/ISSD2009-015.pdf<\/a>
\nGorz, A. (2004). M\u00e9tamorphoses du travail. Critique de la raison \u00e9conomique. Paris: Editions de Fallois.
\nNiessen, J., & Schibel, Y. (2007). Manuale sull\u2019integrazione per i responsabili delle politiche di integrazione e gli operatori del settore, Commissione europea (direzione generale della Giustizia, della libert\u00e0 e della sicurezza). Pubblications Europa. Disponibile presso http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/justice_home\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abstract The paper analyzes the social landscapes that arise from the spontaneous configuration of groups that mingle with each other following the instinct of survival and a state of emergency, which configure no longer linear country borders but fluid ones. In this context a form of widend multicultural social typology emerges, where the human dignity… Continua a leggere Product-Service Design for Immigrants<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[22,15,151,7],"tags":[184,185,186,187,188],"class_list":["post-5265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-close-up","category-en","category-i11","category-it","tag-cooperation","tag-healthcare","tag-human-development","tag-multiculture","tag-welfare","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nProduct-Service 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